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                <h1 id="线程基础"><a href="#线程基础" class="headerlink" title="线程基础"></a>线程基础</h1><h2 id="1-实现线程的-3-种方式"><a href="#1-实现线程的-3-种方式" class="headerlink" title="1. 实现线程的 3 种方式"></a>1. 实现线程的 3 种方式</h2><h3 id="1-1-继承-Thread-类"><a href="#1-1-继承-Thread-类" class="headerlink" title="1.1 继承 Thread 类"></a>1.1 继承 Thread 类</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">public class ThreadDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(new PrintfThread());
        thread.start();
    }
}


/**
 * 继承 Thread 类
 */
class PrintfThread extends Thread {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("print hello world");
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>



<h3 id="1-2-实现-Runnable-接口"><a href="#1-2-实现-Runnable-接口" class="headerlink" title="1.2 实现 Runnable 接口"></a>1.2 实现 Runnable 接口</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">public class ThreadDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(new PrintfThread2());
        thread.start();
    }
}

class PrintfThread2 implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("print hello world 2");
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>



<h3 id="1-3-实现-Callable-接口"><a href="#1-3-实现-Callable-接口" class="headerlink" title="1.3 实现 Callable 接口"></a>1.3 实现 Callable 接口</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">ublic class ThreadDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {

        //1.初始化线程对象
        PrintfThread3 printfThread3 = new PrintfThread3();
        // 2.创建 Executor 线程池
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
        //提交线程执行
        Future&lt;String&gt; submit = executorService.submit(printfThread3);

        //获取线程执行结果
        String result = submit.get();
        //获取线程返回结果
        System.out.println("线程执行结果返回:" + result);
        //关闭服务
        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}

class PrintfThread3 implements Callable&lt;String&gt; {

    @Override
    public String call() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("print callable is thread");
        return Thread.currentThread() + "";
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>



<h2 id="2-静态代理模式"><a href="#2-静态代理模式" class="headerlink" title="2. 静态代理模式"></a>2. 静态代理模式</h2><h3 id="2-1-静态代理原理"><a href="#2-1-静态代理原理" class="headerlink" title="2.1 静态代理原理"></a>2.1 静态代理原理</h3><p>静态代理实现，要代理的类，代理类，如：人、公司、公司帮人打车这个案例实现</p>
<p>原理就是，在代理类中，初始化要代理的类。一个代理类，只能代理一个类。</p>
<h4 id="要代理的类-Person"><a href="#要代理的类-Person" class="headerlink" title="要代理的类 Person"></a>要代理的类 Person</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">class Person {
    public void doWork(){
        System.out.println("我开始工作了");
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h4 id="代理类-Company"><a href="#代理类-Company" class="headerlink" title="代理类 Company"></a>代理类 Company</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">class Company {
    //代理对象
    private Person person;
    public Company(Person person) {
        this.person = person;
    }
    public void doWork(){
        System.out.println("公司在你之前做的事情：---公司帮你打车到公司----");
        person.doWork();
        System.out.println("公司在你之后做的事情：-----公司帮你打车回家-----");
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h4 id="测试静态代理类方法"><a href="#测试静态代理类方法" class="headerlink" title="测试静态代理类方法"></a>测试静态代理类方法</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">public class StaticProxy {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Company company = new Company(new Person());
        company.doWork();
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>



<h2 id="3-查看-Thread-源码"><a href="#3-查看-Thread-源码" class="headerlink" title="3. 查看 Thread 源码"></a>3. 查看 Thread 源码</h2><p>我们打开 <code>Thread</code> 的时候其实能看到 <code>Thread</code> 也是实现 <code>Runnable</code> 接口来 实现 <code>run()</code> 方法的</p>
<p>这里面就是用了静态代理设计模式：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Runnable : 是要代理的类</p>
<p>Thread : 是代理类</p>
</blockquote>
<p>源码截图：</p>
<img src="/2022/07/13/03-java-ji-chu/2022-07-13-xian-cheng-ji-chu/image-20220713151651298.png" class="" title="image-20220713151651298">



<h2 id="4-线程停止方法"><a href="#4-线程停止方法" class="headerlink" title="4. 线程停止方法"></a>4. 线程停止方法</h2><ol>
<li>使用 <code>stop()</code>、<code>destory()</code> 方法 【不推荐】</li>
<li>自己执行完了死亡。</li>
<li>使用标识符，达到目的的时候就停止线程。【推荐方法】</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="5-线程礼让-yeild"><a href="#5-线程礼让-yeild" class="headerlink" title="5. 线程礼让 yeild"></a>5. 线程礼让 yeild</h2><blockquote>
<p>注意：礼让 只是让当前的线程重新回到就绪状态，礼让未必会成功。</p>
<p>相当于我跑了一半了，这个时候队友被我甩了几条街了。我再回到起点重新跑。礼让下队友 </p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="线程礼让案例"><a href="#线程礼让案例" class="headerlink" title="线程礼让案例"></a>线程礼让案例</h3><p>实战：线程 t1 礼让线程 t2</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">class YieldThread implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("线程开始执行" + Thread.currentThread().getName());

        //线程礼让
        Thread.yield();
      
        System.out.println("线程停止执行" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">class YieldThread implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("线程开始执行" + Thread.currentThread().getName());

        Thread.yield();

        System.out.println("线程停止执行" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>



<h2 id="6-线程强制执行-join"><a href="#6-线程强制执行-join" class="headerlink" title="6. 线程强制执行 join"></a>6. 线程强制执行 join</h2><h3 id="6-1-join-作用"><a href="#6-1-join-作用" class="headerlink" title="6.1 join 作用"></a>6.1 join 作用</h3><p><code>thread.join()</code> 方法就是 用来线程插队的，就是当一个线程 执行自己的 join() 方法时，其他线程都必须要等待这个线程执行完了才能执行。</p>
<h3 id="6-2-实战案例"><a href="#6-2-实战案例" class="headerlink" title="6.2 实战案例"></a>6.2 实战案例</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">class ThreadJoinDemo implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i &lt; 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("线程执行了:" + i);
        }

    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">public class ThreadJoin {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadJoinDemo());
        thread.start();

        for (int i = 0; i &lt; 10; i++) {
            if (i == 5) {
                thread.join();
            }
            System.out.println("i = " + i);
        }

    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>显示结果：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">i = 0
i = 1
i = 2
i = 3
i = 4
线程执行了:0
线程执行了:1
线程执行了:2
线程执行了:3
线程执行了:4
线程执行了:5
线程执行了:6
线程执行了:7
线程执行了:8
线程执行了:9
i = 5
i = 6
i = 7
i = 8
i = 9<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>从上面可以看出，主线程执行打印第 5 的时候，<code>thread</code> 进行了插队，所以主线程就会一直等待，<code>thread</code> 执行完毕才执行下一步。</p>
<h2 id="7-守护线程"><a href="#7-守护线程" class="headerlink" title="7 守护线程"></a>7 守护线程</h2><h3 id="7-1-线程分类"><a href="#7-1-线程分类" class="headerlink" title="7.1 线程分类"></a>7.1 线程分类</h3><blockquote>
<p>线程分为：守护线程和用户线程 </p>
</blockquote>
<p>==守护线程：== </p>
<p>如：垃圾回收线程、虚拟机日志记录线程，也可以自己写守护线程 <code>thread.setDaemon(true);</code></p>
<p>==用户线程：==</p>
<p>如：我们自己代码定义的线程。</p>
<h3 id="7-2-守护线程实战"><a href="#7-2-守护线程实战" class="headerlink" title="7.2 守护线程实战"></a>7.2 守护线程实战</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">public class DaemonDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                while (true) {
                    System.out.println("Thread  is start()");
                }
            }
        });
      //设置守护线程
        thread.setDaemon(true);
        thread.start();
      // 主线程
        for (int i = 0; i &lt; 6; i++) {
            System.out.println("main is i = " + i);
        }

        System.out.println("main thread is over");
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<blockquote>
<p>守护线程注意一点就是，主程序不会管你守护线程执行完了没有，只要主线程或用户线程执行完毕，就会退出程序。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="8-线程同步"><a href="#8-线程同步" class="headerlink" title="8. 线程同步"></a>8. 线程同步</h2><h3 id="8-1-synchronized"><a href="#8-1-synchronized" class="headerlink" title="8.1 synchronized"></a>8.1 synchronized</h3><blockquote>
<p>同步方法、同步代码块 </p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="8-2-死锁"><a href="#8-2-死锁" class="headerlink" title="8.2 死锁"></a>8.2 死锁</h3><p>死锁产生原因：</p>
<ol>
<li>多个线程共同占有了同一个资源，并且都在等待对方释放资源</li>
</ol>
<blockquote>
<p>死锁主要原因就是：锁里嵌套着锁。拥有两个对象的锁，可能就会产生死锁。</p>
</blockquote>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">package com.leeue;

/**
 * @Date 2022/7/13 20:48
 * @Author mac
 */
public class DeadLockDemo {

  // 定义全局的对象。
    private static Product1 product1 = new Product1();
    private static Product2 product2 = new Product2();

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        for (int i = 0; i &lt; 10; i++) {
            new Thread(new DeadThread(i, product1, product2)).start();
        }
    }
}

class Product1 {

}

class Product2 {

}

class DeadThread implements Runnable {

    private int type;

  //注意，这里不能再这里 DeadThread 里面进行初始化，否则就不会产生死锁，因为每个线程都用的是自己的对象。
    private Product1 product1;
    private Product2 product2;

    public DeadThread(int type, Product1 product1, Product2 product2) {
        this.type = type;
        this.product1 = product1;
        this.product2 = product2;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            this.getProduct();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void getProduct() throws InterruptedException {
        if (type % 2 == 0) {
            //type 等于1，先获取产品1，再获取产品2
            synchronized (product1) {
                System.out.println("get product1 type");

                synchronized (product2) {
                    System.out.println("get product2 type");
                }
            }
        } else {
            synchronized (product2) {
                System.out.println("get product2 ");

                synchronized (product1) {
                    System.out.println("get product1");
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>



<p>==死锁要注意，这个是要定义全部的对象锁。==否则就不会产生死锁</p>
<h3 id="8-3-Lock-锁"><a href="#8-3-Lock-锁" class="headerlink" title="8.3 Lock 锁"></a>8.3 Lock 锁</h3><h4 id="没加锁场景"><a href="#没加锁场景" class="headerlink" title="没加锁场景"></a>没加锁场景</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">public class LockTest {


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        TheadLock theadLock = new TheadLock();
        //多个线程操作同一个对象，就会出现线程不安全问题
        new Thread(theadLock).start();
        new Thread(theadLock).start();
        new Thread(theadLock).start();

    }
}

class TheadLock implements Runnable {

    public int tickNum = 10;
    @Override
    public void run() {

        while (true) {
            try {

                if (tickNum &lt;= 0) {
                    break;
                }
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                tickNum--;
                System.out.println("tickNum = " + tickNum);

            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {

            }
        }
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>执行结果：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">tickNum = 9
tickNum = 9
tickNum = 9
tickNum = 8
tickNum = 8
tickNum = 8
tickNum = 6
tickNum = 6
tickNum = 5
tickNum = 3
tickNum = 3
tickNum = 2
tickNum = 0
tickNum = 0
tickNum = 0<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<blockquote>
<p>可以看出来，多个线程同时对一个对象操作的时候，出现了线程不安全问题。 </p>
<p>同时对 ==TheadLock== 对象进行操作了。</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="使用-Lock-锁加锁"><a href="#使用-Lock-锁加锁" class="headerlink" title="使用 Lock 锁加锁"></a>使用 Lock 锁加锁</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">public class LockTest {


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        TheadLock theadLock = new TheadLock();
        //多个线程操作同一个对象，就会出现线程不安全问题
        new Thread(theadLock).start();
        new Thread(theadLock).start();
        new Thread(theadLock).start();

    }
}

class TheadLock implements Runnable {

    public int tickNum = 10;
    //定义一个 可冲入锁
    public Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    @Override
    public void run() {

        while (true) {
            try {
                //
                lock.lock();
                if (tickNum &lt;= 0) {
                    break;
                }
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                tickNum--;
                System.out.println("tickNum = " + tickNum);

            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
    }
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>打印：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">tickNum = 9
tickNum = 8
tickNum = 7
tickNum = 6
tickNum = 5
tickNum = 4
tickNum = 3
tickNum = 2
tickNum = 1
tickNum = 0<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="9-线程之间通信-生产者消费者问题"><a href="#9-线程之间通信-生产者消费者问题" class="headerlink" title="9. 线程之间通信 生产者消费者问题"></a>9. 线程之间通信 生产者消费者问题</h2><h3 id="9-1-生产者和消费者实现"><a href="#9-1-生产者和消费者实现" class="headerlink" title="9.1 生产者和消费者实现"></a>9.1 生产者和消费者实现</h3><h4 id="管程法"><a href="#管程法" class="headerlink" title="管程法"></a>管程法</h4><p>一个生产者、一个消费者和一个缓冲区，生产者生产东西放入缓冲区中</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">package com.leeue;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Date 2022/7/17 11:05
 * @Author mac
 */
public class WaitDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Container container = new Container();

        Thread p1 = new Thread(new Product(container));
        Thread c1 = new Thread(new Consumer(container));
      //只能定义一个 消费者和一个生产者才不会出现数组越界问题
        p1.start();
        c1.start();
    }
}

class Product implements Runnable {

    private Container container;

    Product(Container container) {
        this.container = container;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; 100; i++) {
                container.productIng();
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class Consumer implements Runnable {

    private Container container;

    Consumer(Container container) {
        this.container = container;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; 100; i++) {
                container.consumerIng();
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class Container {

    //缓冲区
    String[] productArray = new String[100];

    int count = 0;

    /**
     * 生产者生产
     */
    public synchronized void productIng() throws InterruptedException {

        //如果容器满了，需要等待消费者消费
        if (count == 50) {
            System.out.println("......生产者等待.......");
            this.wait();
        }

        productArray[count] = "" + count + "号产品";
        System.out.println("【生产者生产中】" + count + "号");
        count++;
        this.notify();
    }

    /**
     * 消费者消费
     */
    public synchronized void consumerIng() throws InterruptedException {

        //如果容器为空，等待生产者生产
        if (count == 0) {
            System.out.println("......消费者等待.......");
            this.wait();
        }
        count--;
        System.out.println("【消费者消费中】" + productArray[count]);
        this.notify();
    }
}
<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>执行结果：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">【生产者生产中】0号
【生产者生产中】1号
【生产者生产中】2号
【生产者生产中】3号
【生产者生产中】4号
【生产者生产中】5号
【生产者生产中】6号
【生产者生产中】7号
【生产者生产中】8号
【生产者生产中】9号
【生产者生产中】10号
【生产者生产中】11号
【生产者生产中】12号
【生产者生产中】13号
【生产者生产中】14号
【生产者生产中】15号
【消费者消费中】15号产品
【消费者消费中】14号产品
【消费者消费中】13号产品
【消费者消费中】12号产品
【消费者消费中】11号产品
【消费者消费中】10号产品
【消费者消费中】9号产品
【消费者消费中】8号产品
【消费者消费中】7号产品
【消费者消费中】6号产品<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>














                
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